Article: Caught in the loops of digital agency panic: On NPCs and internet addicts
Abstract
This paper seeks to recontextualise and update Timothy Melley’s concept of ‘agen-cy panic’ to think about current discourses around online media influence and ad-diction. According to Melley, agency panic concerns a set of anxieties linked to the diminished sense of agency, which he sees as escalating after the Second World War. Agency panic is, for him, rooted in the counterfactual expectation of full au-tonomy, a fantasy that is constantly undermined by the growing influence of glob-al networks of communication and capital. In our paper, we examine how an even more networked and distributed sense of agency panic manifests today by engag-ing with two different figures of contemporary digital culture: the non-playable character (NPC) and the internet addict. First, we look at how, in online conspira-cy discourse, the NPC is the product of a process of othering whereby the conspira-torial subject externalises its own sense of compromised agency in digital envi-ronments, allowing it to sustain the fantasy of its own autonomy and independ-ence from these environments. From there, we examine different discourses of ad-diction linked to online cultures as manifestations of digital agency panic. Through the language of addiction, and by promoting the ideal of autonomy as individual self-control, these discourses stigmatise and pathologise users’ various dependen-cies and interrelations with digital devices and services. Building on our analysis of NPC and addiction discourses, we then suggest that the panic-ridden fantasy of the liberal sovereign subject often serves as a pipeline to reactionary, misogynist, or neoliberal immunopolitical cultures set on policing the boundaries between the self and the inferior or unwanted other. We conclude by speculating on how a more distributed understanding of agential self might serve as an antidote to these im-munopolitical tendencies.
Preferred Citation
BibTex
Markelj, Jernej; de Zeeuw, Daniël: Caught in the loops of digital agency panic: On NPCs and internet addicts. In: NECSUS_European Journal of Media Studies, Jg. 12 (2023), Nr. 2, S. 61-83. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/21712.
@ARTICLE{Markelj2023,
author = {Markelj, Jernej and de Zeeuw, Daniël},
title = {Caught in the loops of digital agency panic: On NPCs and internet addicts},
year = 2023,
doi = "\url{http://dx.doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/21712}",
volume = 12,
address = {Marburg},
journal = {NECSUS_European Journal of Media Studies},
number = 2,
pages = {61--83},
}
author = {Markelj, Jernej and de Zeeuw, Daniël},
title = {Caught in the loops of digital agency panic: On NPCs and internet addicts},
year = 2023,
doi = "\url{http://dx.doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/21712}",
volume = 12,
address = {Marburg},
journal = {NECSUS_European Journal of Media Studies},
number = 2,
pages = {61--83},
}
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